Abstract

This research examines the hypothesis that more historic wrought iron minor architectural details (for example hinges, latches and brackets) survive than is often realised. It proves that they are often some of the oldest material in a building, having specific characteristics which are the result of their working and which influence design. Consequently, special consideration needs to be given to their conservation. They also demonstrate the skills of many unknown artisans who deserve greater recognition and appreciation for their roles in the country’s architectural and social history.

The work is divided into three parts. The first part examines the development of the blacksmith’s craft, referring specifically to minor architectural details, the materials from which they were made, design development and the individuals involved in the craft. The second is a survey of a representative sample of extant historic ironwork details in Lincolnshire, examining their age, type and style, with an overview of their condition. The third is an evaluation of past and present methods of conservation of this material. The appendices show illustrations of some of the items discussed, and a gazetteer of historic ironwork identified in the survey.

The original funding for this study was specifically for research in a field concerned with historic crafts or materials, with particular reference to Lincolnshire. It therefore concentrates on extant examples of wrought ironwork in the county from c1200 AD to c1860 AD, principally the work of individual craftsmen prior to their increased absorption into mass production industries. The significant role played by Cistercian monks and lay brothers of Lincolnshire monasteries in the development of the craft is considered, and some of the few records of Lincolnshire smiths which survive in local archives are examined, producing a greater insight into their involvement in this work than has been published previously.