Abstract

The concept of sustainability underpins the response to our global challenges to combat anthropogenic climate change by means of a combination of environmental protection, waste reduction, and preserving natural resources. In this regard, promoting the use of renewable materials and novel designs to diminish the environmental impact of packaging – commonly known as “Green Packaging” is a highly appropriate action. However, to be a commercial success, green packaging must match the functionality of existing packaging technologies. This chapter analyzes in tandem the necessary properties of green packaging materials and smart packaging. More specifically, the design and materials used in green packaging, to give barrier, mechanical, and active properties, biodegradation mechanisms whilst maintaining the satisfactory life cycle assessment of green packaging materials. Smart packaging in food refers to innovative ways to package a product, allowing for quick, low-cost, and efficient monitoring of environmental conditions throughout the supply chain. An overview of smart packaging and the technologies that underpin it were also described in this chapter. The presentation is followed by a discussion of indicator properties, sensor applications, data carriers, and regulatory aspects in the smart packaging industry, as well as prospective benefits and the potential of novel technologies . This includes an assessment of problems that must be overcome before smart packaging can achieve its full potential.
The green and smart packaging developments of recent decades demonstrate the increased interest of consumers and researchers in all of these aspects, as evidenced by the increasing number of scientific publications and industrial applications. Given the rising awareness among consumers, researchers, and businesses about the necessity of promoting sustainable development through green and smart packaging applications, this chapter summarises current significant practical developments.