Dispersion of virus-laden droplets in ventilated rooms: Effect of homemade facemasks

Aliyu, Aliyu M., Singh, Dharminder, Uzoka, Chino , Mishra, Rakesh, , and , (2021) Dispersion of virus-laden droplets in ventilated rooms: Effect of homemade facemasks. Journal of Building Engineering, 44 . p. 102933. ISSN 2352-7102

Full content URL: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2021.102933

Documents
Dispersion of virus-laden droplets in ventilated rooms: Effect of homemade facemasks
Authors' Accepted Manuscript
[img]
[Download]
[img]
Preview
PDF
manuscript-vrsn3.docx.pdf - Whole Document
Available under License Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International.

2MB
Item Type:Article
Item Status:Live Archive

Abstract

In December 2019, the SARS-CoV-2 virus emerged and rapidly spread throughout the world. It causes the respiratory disease COVID-19 via the transmission of microbial pathogens within bio-aerosols during speaking, sneezing, and coughing. Therefore, understanding bioaerosol dynamics is important for developing mitigation strategies against droplet-induced infections. Computer modelling, using Computational Fluid Dynamics, has become a useful tool in studying and visualising the spread of atomised bio-droplets but the effect of using cloth facemasks has not been fully quantified. In this study, simulations were carried out to quantify the extent of respiratory droplet transfer with and without facemasks between a pair of ventilated rooms by a mathematical model for the first time. A 600-μm pore facemask was used, representing the porosity of a typical cloth facemask. Using the discrete phase model, the transport of ejected droplets was tracked. The results show that in the facemask cases, more than 96% of all the ejected droplets in all scenarios were trapped in the recommended 2 m social distancing radius around the human source. Correspondingly, only a maximum of 80% of droplets were deposited within the social distancing radius in the no facemask scenarios, with >20% airborne and transported to the second room. One-dimensional empirical correlations were developed for droplet concentration as a function of distance from the bioaerosol source. The models show that droplet concentration decays exponentially from the source especially in the facemask cases. The study therefore reinforces the importance of face coverings in lessening the transmission of possibly infected respiratory droplets that transmit highly infectious diseases such as COVID-19.

Keywords:bio-aerosols, Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD), COVID 19, face mask, isolation rooms, respiratory droplets, Ventilation
Subjects:C Biological Sciences > C540 Virology
H Engineering > H141 Fluid Mechanics
H Engineering > H300 Mechanical Engineering
Divisions:College of Science > School of Engineering
ID Code:48017
Deposited On:05 Jul 2022 14:40

Repository Staff Only: item control page