Bioacoustics and biophysical analysis of a newly described highly transparent genus of predatory katydids from the Andean cloud forest (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae: Meconematinae: Phlugidini)

Woodrow, Charlie, Pulver, Christian Adlai, Veitch, Daniel and Montealegre-Z, Fernando (2019) Bioacoustics and biophysical analysis of a newly described highly transparent genus of predatory katydids from the Andean cloud forest (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae: Meconematinae: Phlugidini). Bioacoustics . ISSN 0952-4622

Full content URL: https://doi.org/10.1080/09524622.2019.1694992

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Bioacoustics and biophysical analysis of a newly described highly transparent genus of predatory katydids from the Andean cloud forest (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae: Meconematinae: Phlugidini)
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Abstract

Transparency is a greatly advantageous form of camouflage, allowing species to passively avoid detection regardless of the properties of the surface which they occupy. However, it is uncommon and poorly understood in terrestrial species. In one tribe of predacious katydids (Phlugidini), transparency is paired with highly ultrasonic communication for increased predator evasion, yet little is known about the singing capabilities of these species, with only one genus of Phlugidini acoustically well described to date. Here, we describe Speculophlugis hishquten new genus and species of highly transparent crystal katydid species from the Andean cloud forest, discussing the potential use of this species for non-invasive studies of internal anatomy, and analysing its ultrasonic call. Using laser Doppler vibrometry and light microscopy techniques, we found the transparency of the cuticle around the hearing apparatus to be 85-87 % at the wavelength of the laser beam (633 nm), making S. hishquten a candidate for the highest recorded cuticle transparency of any insect. The male song has a fundamental frequency of 50 kHz, matching both the ultrasonic call range and rapid call structure of other Phlugidini species. However, the extent of ultrasonic communication and the level of transparency across the Phlugidini tribe requires more attention.

Keywords:Camouflage, bushcricket, ultrasonic, Stridulatory file, taxonomy, neotropical
Subjects:C Biological Sciences > C100 Biology
F Physical Sciences > F380 Acoustics
F Physical Sciences > F361 Laser Physics
C Biological Sciences > C181 Biodiversity
C Biological Sciences > C770 Biophysical Science
C Biological Sciences > C340 Entomology
Divisions:College of Science > School of Mathematics and Physics
ID Code:38866
Deposited On:13 Nov 2019 09:03

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