Cellular and physiological effects of C-peptide

Hills, Claire E. and Brunskill, Nigel J. (2009) Cellular and physiological effects of C-peptide. Clinical Science, 116 (7). p. 565. ISSN 0143-5221

Full content URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/CS20080441

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Abstract

In recent years, accumulating evidence indicates a biological function for proinsulin C-peptide. These results challenge the traditional view that C-peptide is essentially inert and only useful as a surrogate marker of insulin release. Accordingly, it is now clear that C-peptide binds with high affinity to cell membranes, probably to a pertussis-toxin-sensitive G-protein-coupled receptor. Subsequently, multiple signalling pathways are potently and dose-dependently activated in multiple cell types by C-peptide with the resulting activation of gene transcription and altered cell phenotype. In diabetic animals and Type 1 diabetic patients, short-term studies indicate that C-peptide also enhances glucose disposal and metabolic control. Furthermore, results derived from animal models and clinical studies in Type 1 diabetic patients suggest a salutary effect of C-peptide in the prevention and amelioration of diabetic nephropathy and neuropathy. Therefore a picture of Type 1 diabetes as a dual-hormone-deficiency disease is developing, suggesting that the replacement of C-peptide alongside insulin should be considered in its management.

Additional Information:accepted 15 October 2008 Published on the Internet 2 March 2009
Keywords:C-peptide, G-protein-coupled receptor, proinsulin, Type 1 diabetes, Type 2 diabetes
Subjects:C Biological Sciences > C720 Biological Chemistry
Divisions:College of Science > School of Life Sciences
ID Code:14151
Deposited On:28 May 2014 16:13

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