Calcium-sensing receptor activation increases cell-cell adhesion and ß-cell function

Hills, C. E., Younis, M. Y.G., Bennett, J. , Siamantouras, E., Liu, K.-K. and Squires, P. E. (2012) Calcium-sensing receptor activation increases cell-cell adhesion and ß-cell function. Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry, 30 (3). pp. 575-586. ISSN 1015-8987

Full content URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000341439

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Abstract

Background/Aims: The extracellular calcium-sensing receptor (CaR) is expressed in pancreatic β-cells where it is thought to facilitate cell-to-cell communication and augment insulin secretion. However, it is unknown how CaR activation improves β-cell function. Methods: Immunocytochemistry and western blotting confirmed the expression of CaR in MIN6 β-cell line. The calcimimetic R568 (1µM) was used to increase the affinity of the CaR and specifically activate the receptor at a physiologically appropriate extracellular calcium concentration. Incorporation of 5-bromo-2’-deoxyuridine (BrdU) was used to measure cell proliferation, whilst changes in non-nutrient-evoked cytosolic calcium were assessed using fura-2-microfluorimetry. AFM-single-cell-force spectroscopy related CaR-evoked changes in epithelial (E)-cadherin expression to improved functional tethering between coupled cells. Results: Activation of the CaR over 48hr doubled the expression of E-cadherin (206±41%) and increased L-type voltage-dependent calcium channel expression by 70% compared to control. These changes produced a 30% increase in cell-cell tethering and elevated the basal-to-peak amplitude of ATP (50µM) and tolbutamide (100µM)-evoked changes in cytosolic calcium. Activation of the receptor also increased PD98059 (1-100µM) and SU1498 (1-100µM)-dependent β-cell proliferation. Conclusion: Our data suggest that activation of the CaR increases E-cadherin mediated functional tethering between β-cells and increases expression of L-type VDCC and secretagogue-evoked changes in [Ca2+]i. These findings could explain how local changes in calcium, co-released with insulin, activate the CaR on neighbouring cells to help ensure efficient and appropriate secretory function.

Keywords:oaopen, Receptor, Beta cell function
Subjects:C Biological Sciences > C720 Biological Chemistry
Divisions:College of Science > School of Life Sciences
ID Code:14133
Deposited On:28 May 2014 15:43

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