Article

Quayle, Lewis A. and Pereira, Maria G. and Scheper, Gerjan and Wiltshire, Tammy and Peake, Ria E. and Hussain, Issam and Rea, Carol A. and Bates, Timothy E. (2017) Anti-angiogenic drugs: direct anti-cancer agents with mitochondrial mechanisms of action. Oncotarget, 10 . ISSN 1949-2553

Walker, A. J. and Grainge, M and Bates, T. E. and Card, T. R. (2012) Survival of glioma and colorectal cancer patients using tricyclic antidepressants post-diagnosis. Cancer Causes and Control, 23 (12). pp. 1959-1964. ISSN 0957-5243

Adbel-Razaq, W. and Kendall, D. A. and Bates, T. E. (2011) The effects of antidepressants on mitochondrial function in a model cell system and isolated mitochondria. Neurochemical Research, 36 (2). pp. 327-338. ISSN 0364-3190

Walker, A. J. and Card, T. and Bates, T. E. and Muir, K. (2011) Tricyclic antidepressants and the incidence of certain cancers: a study using the GPRD. British Journal of Cancer, 104 (1). pp. 193-197. ISSN 0007-0920

Aloysius, Mark M. and Hewavisenthi, Shivanthi J. De Silva and Bates, Timothy E. and Rowlands, Brian J. and Lobo, Dileep N. and Zaitoun, Abed M. (2010) Predictive value of tumor proliferative indices in periampullary cancers: Ki-67, mitotic activity index (MI) and volume corrected mitotic index (M/V) using tissue microarrays. World Journal of Surgery, 34 (9). pp. 2115-2121. ISSN 0364-2313

Aloysius, Mark M. and Zaitoun, Abed M. and Bates, Timothy E. and Ilyas, Mohammad and Constantin-Teodosiu, Dumitru and Rowlands, Brian J. and Lobo, Dileep N. (2010) Immunohistochemical expression of mitochondrial membrane complexes (MMCs) I, III, IV and V in malignant and benign periampullary epithelium: a potential target for drug therapy of periampullary cancer? BMC Cancer, 10 . p. 80. ISSN 1471-2407

Aloysius, Mark M. and Zaitoun, Abed M. and Bates, Timothy E. and Albasri, Abdulkader and Ilyas, Mohammad and Rowlands, Brian J. and Lobo, Dileep N. (2009) Complete absence of M2-pyruvate kinase expression in benign pancreatic ductal epithelium and pancreaticobiliary and duodenal neoplasia. BMC cancer, 9 . p. 327. ISSN 1471-2407

Pardon, Marie-Christine and Sarmad, Sarir and Rattray, Ivan and Bates, Timothy E. and Scullion, Gillian A. and Marsden, Charles A. and Barrett, David A. and Lowe, James and Kendall, David A. (2009) Repeated novel cage exposure-induced improvement of early Alzheimer's-like cognitive and amyloid changes in TASTPM mice is unrelated to changes in brain endocannabinoids levels. Neurobiology of Aging, 30 (7). pp. 1099-1113. ISSN 0197-4580

Calabrese, Vittorio and Cornelius, Carolin and Mancuso, Cesare and Pennisi, Giovanni and Calafato, Stella and Bellia, Francesco and Bates, Timothy E. and Giuffrida Stella, Anna Maria and Schapira, Tony and Dinkova Kostova, Albena T. and Rizzarelli, Enrico (2008) Cellular stress response: a novel target for chemoprevention and nutritional neuroprotection in aging, neurodegenerative disorders and longevity. Neurochemical Research, 33 (12). pp. 2444-2471. ISSN 0364-3190

Calabrese, Vittorio and Bates, Timothy E. and Mancuso, Cesare and Cornelius, Carolin and Ventimiglia, Bernardo and Cambria, Maria Teresa and Di Renzo, Laura and De Lorenzo, Antonino and Dinkova-Kostova, Albena T. (2008) Curcumin and the cellular stress response in free radical-related diseases. Molecular Nutrition & Food Research, 52 (9). pp. 1062-1073. ISSN 1613-4125

Brooks, Keith J. and Hargreaves, Iain P. and Bates, Timothy E. (2008) Protection of respiratory chain enzymes from ischaemic damage in adult rat brain slices. Neurochemical research, 33 (9). pp. 1711-1716. ISSN 0364-3190

Athanasiou, Andriani and Clarke, Anna B. and Turner, Amy E. and Kumaran, Nethia M. and Vakilpour, Sara and Smith, Paul A. and Bagiokou, Dimitra and Bradshaw, Tracey D. and Westwell, Andrew D. and Fang, Lin and Lobo, Dileep N. and Constantinescu, Cris S. and Calabrese, Vittorio and Loesch, Andrzej and Alexander, Stephen P. H. and Clothier, Richard H. and Kendall, David A. and Bates, Timothy E. (2007) Cannabinoid receptor agonists are mitochondrial inhibitors: a unified hypothesis of how cannabinoids modulate mitochondrial function and induce cell death. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, 364 (1). pp. 131-137. ISSN 0006-291x

Mancuso, Cesare and Bates, Timothy E. and Butterfield, D. Allan and Calafato, Stella and Cornelius, Carolin and De Lorenzo, Antonino and Dinkova Kostova, Albena T. and Calabrese, Vittorio (2007) Natural antioxidants in Alzheimer's disease. Expert Opinion on Investigational Drugs, 16 (12). pp. 1921-1931. ISSN 1354-3784

Abdel-Razaq, W. and Bates, T. E. and Kendall, D. A. (2007) The effects of antidepressants on cyclic AMP-response element-driven gene transcription in a model cell system. Biochemical Pharmacology, 73 (12). pp. 1995-2003. ISSN 0006-2952

Athanasiou, Andriani and Smith, Paul A. and Vakilpour, Sara and Kumaran, Nethia M. and Turner, Amy E. and Bagiokou, Dimitra and Layfield, Robert and Ray, David E. and Westwell, Andrew D. and Alexander, Stephen P. H. and Kendall, David A. and Lobo, Dileep N. and Watson, Susan A. and Lophatanon, Artitaya and Muir, Kenneth A. and Guo, De-An and Bates, Timothy E. (2007) Vanilloid receptor agonists and antagonists are mitochondrial inhibitors: how vanilloids cause non-vanilloid receptor mediated cell death. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, 354 (1). pp. 50-55. ISSN 0006-291X

Rosin, Claudia and Colombo, Sergio and Calver, Andrew A. and Bates, Timothy E. and Skaper, Stephen D. (2005) Dopamine D2 and D3 receptor agonists limit oligodendrocyte injury caused by glutamate oxidative stress and oxygen/glucose deprivation. Glia, 52 (4). pp. 336-343. ISSN 0894-1491

Daley, E. and Wilkie, D. and Loesch, A. and Hargreaves, I. P. and Kendall, D. A. and Pilkington, G. J. and Bates, T. E. (2005) Chlorimipramine: a novel anticancer agent with a mitochondrial target. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, 328 (2). pp. 623-632. ISSN 0006-291X

Rosin, Claudia and Bates, Timothy E. and Skaper, Stephen D. (2004) Excitatory amino acid induced oligodendrocyte cell death in vitro: receptor-dependent and -independent mechanisms. Journal of Neurochemistry, 90 (5). pp. 1173-1185. ISSN 0022-3042

Cooper, Chris E. and Davies, Nathan A. and Psychoulis, Minas and Canevari, Laura and Bates, Tim E. and Dobbie, Michael S. and Casley, Christopher S. and Sharpe, Martyn A. (2003) Nitric oxide and peroxynitrite cause irreversible increases in the K(m) for oxygen of mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase: in vitro and in vivo studies. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta: general subjects, 1607 (1). pp. 27-34. ISSN 0006-3002

Levicar, Natasa and Dewey, Ricardo A. and Daley, Emma and Bates, Timothy E. and Davies, Derek and Kos, Janko and Pilkington, Geoffrey J. and Lah, Tamara T. (2003) Selective suppression of cathepsin L by antisense cDNA impairs human brain tumor cell invasion in vitro and promotes apoptosis. Cancer Gene Therapy, 10 (2). pp. 141-51. ISSN 0929-1903

Brooks, Keith J and Hargreaves, Iain and Bhakoo, Kishore and Sellwood, Mark and O'Brien, Francis and Noone, Martina and Sakata, Yasuko and Cady, Ernest and Wylezinska, Marzena and Thornton, John and Ordidge, Roger and Nguyen, Quyen and Clemence, Matthew and Wyatt, John and Bates, Timothy E. (2002) Delayed hypothermia prevents decreases in N-acetylaspartate and reduced glutathione in the cerebral cortex of the neonatal pig following transient hypoxia-ischaemia. Neurochemical Research, 27 (12). pp. 1599-604. ISSN 0364-3190

Kristián, Tibor and Weatherby, Tina M. and Bates, Timothy E. and Fiskum, Gary (2002) Heterogeneity of the calcium-induced permeability transition in isolated non-synaptic brain mitochondria. Journal of Neurochemistry, 83 (6). pp. 1297-308. ISSN 0022-3042

Calabrese, Vittorio and Scapagnini, Giovanni and Ravagna, Agrippino and Bella, Rita and Foresti, Roberta and Bates, Timothy E. and Giuffrida Stella, Anna-Maria and Pennisi, Giovanni (2002) Nitric oxide synthase is present in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with active multiple sclerosis and is associated with increases in cerebrospinal fluid protein nitrotyrosine and S-nitrosothiols and with changes in glutathione levels. Journal of Neuroscience Research, 70 (4). pp. 580-7. ISSN 0360-4012

Calabrese, V. and Scapagnini, G. and Giuffrida Stella, A. M. and Bates, T. E. and Clark, J. B. (2001) Mitochondrial involvement in brain function and dysfunction: relevance to aging, neurodegenerative disorders and longevity. Neurochemical Research, 26 (6). pp. 739-64. ISSN 0364-3190

Sammut, Ivan A. and Jayakumar, Jay and Latif, Najmi and Rothery, Stephen and Severs, Nicholas J. and Smolenski, Ryszard T. and Bates, Timothy E. and Yacoub, Magdi H. (2001) Heat stress contributes to the enhancement of cardiac mitochondrial complex activity. The American Journal of Pathology, 158 (5). pp. 1821-31. ISSN 0002-9440

Calabrese, V. and Scapagnini, G. and Catalano, C. and Bates, T. E. and Geraci, D. and Pennisi, G. and Giuffrida Stella, A. M. (2001) Regulation of heat shock protein synthesis in human skin fibroblasts in response to oxidative stress: role of vitamin E. International Journal of Tissue Reactions, 23 (4). pp. 127-35. ISSN 0250-0868

Moss, David W. and Bates, Timothy E. (2001) Activation of murine microglial cell lines by lipopolysaccharide and interferon-gamma causes NO-mediated decreases in mitochondrial and cellular function. The European Journal of Neuroscience, 13 (3). pp. 529-38. ISSN 0953-816X

Calabrese, V. and Scapagnini, G. and Catalano, C. and Dinotta, F. and Bates, T. E. and Calvani, M. and Stella, A. M. (2001) Effects of acetyl-L-carnitine on the formation of fatty acid ethyl esters in brain and peripheral organs after short-term ethanol administration in rat. Neurochemical Research, 26 (2). pp. 167-74. ISSN 0364-3190

Calabrese, V. and Scapagnini, G. and Catalano, C. and Bates, T. E. and Dinotta, F. and Micali, G. and Giuffrida Stella, A. M. (2001) Induction of heat shock protein synthesis in human skin fibroblasts in response to oxidative stress: regulation by a natural antioxidant from rosemary extract. International Journal of Tissue Reactions, 23 (2). pp. 51-8. ISSN 0250-0868

Brooks, K. J. and Hargreaves, I. P. and Bates, T. E. (2000) Nitric-oxide-induced inhibition of mitochondrial complexes following aglycaemic hypoxia in neonatal cortical rat brain slices. Developmental Neuroscience, 22 (5-6). pp. 359-65. ISSN 0378-5866

Calabrese, V. and Bates, T. E. and Stella, A. M. (2000) NO synthase and NO-dependent signal pathways in brain aging and neurodegenerative disorders: the role of oxidant/antioxidant balance. Neurochemical Research, 25 (9-10). pp. 1315-41. ISSN 0364-3190

Kristián, Tibor and Gertsch, Jeff and Bates, Timothy E. and Siesjö, Bo K. (2000) Characteristics of the calcium-triggered mitochondrial permeability transition in nonsynaptic brain mitochondria: effect of cyclosporin A and ubiquinone O. Journal of Neurochemistry, 74 (5). pp. 1999-2009. ISSN 0022-3042

Calabrese, Vittorio and Testa, Guiseppe and Ravagna, Agrippino and Bates, Timothy Edward and Stella, Anna Maria (2000) HSP70 induction in the brain following ethanol administration in the rat: regulation by glutathione redox state. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, 269 (2). pp. 397-400. ISSN 0006-291X

Canevari, Laura and Clark, John B. and Bates, Timothy E. (1999) Beta-amyloid fragment 25-35 selectively decreases complex IV activity in isolated mitochondria. FEBS Letters, 457 (1). pp. 131-4. ISSN 0014-5793

Kenyon, Susan H. and Waterfield, Catherine J. and Asker, Daniel S. and Kudo, Mariko and Moss, David W. and Bates, Timothy E. and Nicolaou, Anna and Gibbons, William A. and Timbrell, John A. (1999) Effect of hydrazine upon vitamin B12-dependent methionine synthase activity and the sulphur amino acid pathway in isolated rat hepatocytes. Biochemical Pharmacology, 57 (11). pp. 1311-1319. ISSN 0006-2952

Keelan, Julie and Bates, Timothy E. and Clark, John B. (1999) Heightened resistance of the neonatal brain to ischemia-reperfusion involves a lack of mitochondrial damage in the nerve terminal. Brain research, 821 (1). pp. 124-33. ISSN 0006-8993

Canevari, Laura and Console, Antonella and Tendi, E. A. and Clark, J. B. and Bates, Timothy (1999) Effect of postischaemic hypothermia on the mitochondrial damage induced by ischaemia and reperfusion in the gerbil. Brain research, 817 (1-2). pp. 241-245. ISSN 0006-8993

Brooks, K. J. and Hargreaves, I. P. and Clark, J. B. and Bates, Timothy (1998) Ischaemia-induced damage to mitochondrial complexes in the neonatal brain--role of NO. Biochemical Society Transactions, 26 (4). S343. ISSN 0300-5127

Brooks, Keith J. and Clark, John B. and Bates, Timothy E. (1998) 3-Hydroxybutyrate aids the recovery of the energy state from aglycaemic hypoxia of adult but not neonatal rat brain slices. Journal of Neurochemistry, 70 (5). pp. 1986-1990. ISSN 0022-3042

Sammut, Ivan A. and Thorniley, Maureen S. and Simpkin, Sandra and Fuller, Barry J. and Bates, Timothy E. and Green, Colin J. (1998) Impairment of hepatic mitochondrial respiratory function following storage and orthotopic transplantation of rat livers. Cryobiology, 36 (1). pp. 49-60. ISSN 0011-2240

Canevari, Laura and Kuroda, Satoshi and Bates, Timothy E. and Clark, John B. and Siesjö, Bo K. (1997) Activity of mitochondrial respiratory chain enzymes after transient focal ischemia in the rat. Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism : official Journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism, 17 (11). pp. 1166-9. ISSN 0271-678X

Bakken, Inger J. and Sonnewald, Ursula and Clark, John B. and Bates, Timothy E. (1997) [U-13C]glutamate metabolism in rat brain mitochondria reveals malic enzyme activity. Neuroreport, 8 (7). pp. 1567-1570. ISSN 0959-4965

Brooks, K. J. and Clark, J. B. and Bates, T. E. (1996) Assessment of energy metabolism in the developing brain following aglycemic hypoxia by 1H and 31P NMR. Neurochemical Research, 21 (9). pp. 1089-1095. ISSN 0364-3190

Keelan, J. and Brand, M. P. and Bates, T. E. and Land, J. M. and Clark, J. B. and Heales, S. J. (1996) Nitric oxide and antioxidant status in glucose and oxygen deprived neonatal and adult rat brain synaptosomes. Neurochemical Research, 21 (8). pp. 923-7. ISSN 0364-3190

Keelan, Julie and Bates, Timothy E. and Clark, John B. (1996) Intrasynaptosomal free calcium concentration during rat brain development: effects of hypoxia, aglycaemia, and ischaemia. Journal of neurochemistry, 66 (6). pp. 2460-7. ISSN 0022-3042

Bates, Timothy E. and Strangward, Maria and Keelan, Julia and Davey, Gavin P. and Munro, Peter M. G. and Clark, John B. (1996) Inhibition of N-acetylaspartate production: implications for 1H MRS studies in vivo. Neuroreport, 7 (8). pp. 1397-1400. ISSN 0959-4965

Kuroda, Satoshi and Katsura, Ken-ichiro and Hillered, Lars and Bates, Timothy E. and Siesjö, Bo K. (1996) Delayed treatment with alpha-phenyl-N-tert-butyl nitrone (PBN) attenuates secondary mitochondrial dysfunction after transient focal cerebral ischemia in the rat. Neurobiology of Disease, 3 (2). pp. 149-157. ISSN 0969-9961

Bates, T. E. and Loesch, A. and Burnstock, G. and Clark, J. B. (1996) Mitochondrial nitric oxide synthase: a ubiquitous regulator of oxidative phosphorylation? Biochemical and biophysical research communications, 218 (1). pp. 40-44. ISSN 0006-291X

Bates, T. E and Loesch, A. and Burnstock, G. and Clark, J. B. (1995) Immunocytochemical evidence for a mitochondrially located nitric oxide synthase in brain and liver. Biochemical and biophysical research communications, 213 (3). pp. 896-900. ISSN 0006-291X

Almeida, Angeles and Allen, Kathryn L. and Bates, TImothy E. and Clark, John B. (1995) Effect of reperfusion following cerebral ischaemia on the activity of the mitochondrial respiratory chain in the gerbil brain. Journal of neurochemistry, 65 (4). pp. 1698-1703. ISSN 0022-3042

Almeida, A. and Brooks, K. J. and Sammut, I. and Keelan, J. and Davey, G. P. and Clark, J. B. and Bates, T. E. (1995) Postnatal development of the complexes of the electron transport chain in synaptic mitochondria from rat brain. Developmental neuroscience, 17 (4). pp. 212-218. ISSN 0378-5866

Allen, Kathryn L. and Almeida, Angeles and Bates, Timothy E. and Clark, John B. (1995) Changes of respiratory chain activity in mitochondrial and synaptosomal fractions isolated from the gerbil brain after graded ischaemia. Journal of neurochemistry, 64 (5). pp. 2222-2229. ISSN 0022-3042

Heales, S. J. and Davies, S. E. and Bates, T. E. and Clark, J. B. (1995) Depletion of brain glutathione is accompanied by impaired mitochondrial function and decreased N-acetyl aspartate concentration. Neurochemical research, 20 (1). pp. 31-38. ISSN 0364-3190

Bates, T. E. and Heales, S. J. and Davies, S. E. and Boakye, P. and Clark, J. B. (1994) Effects of 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium on isolated rat brain mitochondria: evidence for a primary involvement of energy depletion. Journal of neurochemistry, 63 (2). pp. 640-648. ISSN 0022-3042

Dagnelie, Pieter C. and Bell, Jimmy D. and Williams, Steve C. and Bates, Timothy E. and Abel, Paul D. and Foster, Christopher S. (1994) Effect of fish oil on cancer cachexia and host liver metabolism in rats with prostate tumors. Lipids, 29 (3). pp. 195-203. ISSN 0024-4201

Clark, J B and Bates, Timothy and Cullingford, T and Land, J M (1993) Development of enzymes of energy metabolism in the neonatal mammalian brain. Developmental neuroscience, 15 (3-5). pp. 174-180. ISSN 0378-5866

Dagnelie, P. C. and Bell, J. D. and Williams, S. C. and Bates, T. E. and Abel, P. D. and Foster, C. S. (1993) Altered phosphorylation status, phospholipid metabolism and gluconeogenesis in the host liver of rats with prostate cancer: a 31P magnetic resonance spectroscopy study. British Journal of Cancer, 67 (6). pp. 1303-1309. ISSN 0007-0920

Gadian, D. G. and Williams, S. R. and Bates, T. E. and Kauppinen, R. A. (1993) NMR spectroscopy: current status and future possibilities. Acta neurochirurgica. Supplementum, 57 . pp. 1-8. ISSN 0065-1419

Murphy, Elizabeth J. and Bates, Timothy E. and Williams, Stephen R. and Watson, Tracey and Brindle, Kevin M. and Rajagopalan, Bheeshma and Radda, George K. (1992) Endoplasmic reticulum: the major contributor to the PDE peak in hepatic 31P-NMR spectra at low magnetic field strengths. Biochimica et biophysica acta: biomembranes, 1111 (1). pp. 51-58. ISSN 0005-2736

Rafter, Joan E. and Bates, Timothy E. and Bell, Jimmy D. and Iles, Richard A. (1991) Metabolites in the developing rat liver: a proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopic study. Biochimica et biophysica acta: general subjects, 1074 (2). pp. 263-269. ISSN 0304-4165

Gadian, D. G. and Bates, T. E. and Williams, S. R. and Bell, J. D. and Austin, S. J. and Connelly, A. (1991) Approaches to editing, assignment and interpretation of proton spectra. NMR in biomedicine, 4 (2). pp. 85-89. ISSN 0952-3480

Bates, T. E. and Williams, S. R. and Gadian, D. G. and Bell, J. D. and Small, R. K. and Iles, R. A. (1989) 1H NMR study of cerebral development in the rat. NMR in biomedicine, 2 (5-6). pp. 225-229. ISSN 0952-3480

Brooks, K. J. and Kauppinen, R. A. and Williams, S. R. and Bachelard, H. S. and Bates, T. E. and Gadian, D. G. (1989) Ammonia causes a drop in intracellular pH in metabolizing cortical brain slices. A [31P]- and [1H]nuclear magnetic resonance study. Neuroscience, 33 (1). pp. 185-192. ISSN 0306-4522

Bates, Timothy E. and Williams, Stephen R. and Gadian, David G. (1989) Phosphodiesters in the liver: the effect of field strength on the 31P signal. Magnetic resonance in medicine : official journal of the Society of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine / Society of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine, 12 (1). pp. 145-150. ISSN 0740-3194

Bates, Timothy E. and Williams, Stephen R. and Kauppinen, Risto A. and Gadian, David G. (1989) Observation of cerebral metabolites in an animal model of acute liver failure in vivo: a 1H and 31P nuclear magnetic resonance study. Journal of neurochemistry, 53 (1). pp. 102-10. ISSN 0022-3042

Bates, T. E. and Williams, S. R. and Busza, A. L. and Gadian, D. G. and Proctor, E. (1988) A 31P nuclear magnetic resonance study in vivo of metabolic abnormalities in rats with acute liver failure. NMR in biomedicine, 1 (2). pp. 67-73. ISSN 0952-3480

Cox, Jane and Bryant, David J. and Ross, Brian D. and Young, Ian R. and Gadian, David G. and Bydder, Graeme M. and Williams, Stephen R. and Busza, Albert L. and Bates, Timothy E. (1987) Spectral resolution in clinical magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Magnetic resonance in medicine : official journal of the Society of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine / Society of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine, 5 (2). pp. 186-90. ISSN 0740-3194

Read, N. W. and Al-Janabi, M. N. and Bates, T. E. and Holgate, A. M. and Cann, P. A. and Kinsman, R. I. and McFarlane, A. and Brown, Christine (1985) Interpretation of the breath hydrogen profile obtained after ingesting a solid meal containing unabsorbable carbohydrate. Gut, 26 (8). pp. 834-842. ISSN 0017-5749

Read, N. W. and McFarlane, A. and Kinsman, R. I. and Bates, T. E. and Blackhall, N. W. and Farrar, G. B. and Hall, J. C. and Moss, G. and Morris, A. P. and O'Neill, B. and Welch, I. and Lee, Y. and Bloom, S. R. (1984) Effect of infusion of nutrient solutions into the ileum on gastrointestinal transit and plasma levels of neurotensin and enteroglucagon. Gastroenterology, 86 (2). pp. 274-280. ISSN 0016-5085

Read, N. W. and Al Janabi, M. N. and Bates, T. E. and Barber, D. C. (1983) Effect of gastrointestinal intubation on the passage of a solid meal through the stomach and small intestine in humans. Gastroenterology, 84 (6). pp. 1568-1572. ISSN 0016-5085