Machado, Rajiv D. and Pauciulo, M. W. and Thomson, J. R. and Lane, K. B. and Morgan, N. V. and Wheeler, L. and Phillips, J. A. and Newman, J. and Williams, D. and Galiè, N. and Manes, A. and McNeil, K. and Yacoub, M. and Mikhail, G. and Rogers, P. and Corris, P. and Humbert, M. and Donnai, D. and Martensson, G. and Tranebjaerg, L. and Loyd, J. E. and Trembath, R. C. and Nichols, W. C. (2001) BMPR2 haploinsufficiency as the inherited molecular mechanism for primary pulmonary hypertension. American Journal of Human Genetics, 68 (1). pp. 92-102. ISSN 0002-9297

PDF Machado_AJHG2001.pdf - Whole Document Restricted to Repository staff only Download (488Kb)

Abstract

Primary pulmonary hypertension (PPH) is a potentially lethal disorder, because the elevation of the pulmonary arterial pressure may result in right-heart failure. Histologically, the disorder is characterized by proliferation of pulmonary-artery smooth muscle and endothelial cells, by intimal hyperplasia, and by in situ thrombus formation. Heterozygous mutations within the bone morphogenetic protein type II receptor (BMPR-II) gene (BMPR2), of the transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) cell-signaling superfamily, have been identified in familial and sporadic cases of PPH. We report the molecular spectrum of BMPR2 mutations in 47 additional families with PPH and in three patients with sporadic PPH. Among the cohort of patients, we have identified 22 novel mutations, including 4 partial deletions, distributed throughout the BMPR2 gene. The majority (58%) of mutations are predicted to lead to a premature termination codon. We have also investigated the functional impact and genotype-phenotype relationships, to elucidate the mechanisms contributing to pathogenesis of this important vascular disease. In vitro expression analysis demonstrated loss of BMPR-II function for a number of the identified mutations. These data support the suggestion that haploinsufficiency represents the common molecular mechanism in PPH. Marked variability of the age at onset of disease was observed both within and between families. Taken together, these studies illustrate the considerable heterogeneity of BMPR2 mutations that cause PPH, and they strongly suggest that additional factors, genetic and/or environmental, may be required for the development of the clinical phenotype.

Item Type:	Article
Additional Information:	Primary pulmonary hypertension (PPH) is a potentially lethal disorder, because the elevation of the pulmonary arterial pressure may result in right-heart failure. Histologically, the disorder is characterized by proliferation of pulmonary-artery smooth muscle and endothelial cells, by intimal hyperplasia, and by in situ thrombus formation. Heterozygous mutations within the bone morphogenetic protein type II receptor (BMPR-II) gene (BMPR2), of the transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) cell-signaling superfamily, have been identified in familial and sporadic cases of PPH. We report the molecular spectrum of BMPR2 mutations in 47 additional families with PPH and in three patients with sporadic PPH. Among the cohort of patients, we have identified 22 novel mutations, including 4 partial deletions, distributed throughout the BMPR2 gene. The majority (58%) of mutations are predicted to lead to a premature termination codon. We have also investigated the functional impact and genotype-phenotype relationships, to elucidate the mechanisms contributing to pathogenesis of this important vascular disease. In vitro expression analysis demonstrated loss of BMPR-II function for a number of the identified mutations. These data support the suggestion that haploinsufficiency represents the common molecular mechanism in PPH. Marked variability of the age at onset of disease was observed both within and between families. Taken together, these studies illustrate the considerable heterogeneity of BMPR2 mutations that cause PPH, and they strongly suggest that additional factors, genetic and/or environmental, may be required for the development of the clinical phenotype.
Keywords:	BMPR2, Pulmonary arterial hypertension
Subjects:	C Biological Sciences > C431 Medical Genetics
Divisions:	College of Sciences > Faculty of Science > School of Life Sciences
Depositing User:	Rajiv Machado
Date Deposited:	30 Sep 2012 21:00
Last Modified:	13 Mar 2013 09:15
URI:	http://eprints.lincoln.ac.uk/id/eprint/6330

Actions (login required)

View Item