Karran, Terence (2005) Pan-European grading scales: lessons from national systems and the ECTS. Higher Education in Europe, 30 (1). pp. 5-22. ISSN 0379-7724

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Abstract

This article assesses the impact of the Bologna Process on the grading schemes of EU member countries. In light of some problems regarding the implementation of the European Credit Transfer system (ECTS), the author proposes further reforms and offers some elements of a unified grading system for European higher education. The author explores the variation among Europe’s grading systems and the resulting lessons learned are shared here. Lastly, this article also argues that principles of justice and fairness, deemed central to academic freedom, are best upheld by the use of a unified grading system at national and European levels.

Item Type:	Article
Additional Information:	This article assesses the impact of the Bologna Process on the grading schemes of EU member countries. In light of some problems regarding the implementation of the European Credit Transfer system (ECTS), the author proposes further reforms and offers some elements of a unified grading system for European higher education. The author explores the variation among Europe’s grading systems and the resulting lessons learned are shared here. Lastly, this article also argues that principles of justice and fairness, deemed central to academic freedom, are best upheld by the use of a unified grading system at national and European levels.
Keywords:	higher education grading scales in EU states
Subjects:	X Education > X340 Academic studies in Tertiary Education
Divisions:	College of Social Sciences > Centre for Educational Research and Development (CERD)
Depositing User:	Terence Karran
Date Deposited:	10 Jul 2008 07:20
Last Modified:	13 Mar 2013 08:29
URI:	http://eprints.lincoln.ac.uk/id/eprint/1601

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